How Fireworks Trigger Anxiety in People and Pets

Fireworks used to mark the start of 2026 in Kenya caused anxiety and distress for some people and animals, according to mental health specialists and animal welfare groups.

While public displays lit up cities and towns, experts say the loud and unpredictable explosions can trigger serious stress responses. Dr Linet Kendi, a consultant psychiatrist and founder of Trinity Wellness Centre in Nairobi, said fireworks can activate the brain’s fight-or-flight response, releasing stress hormones. 

This reaction can be particularly harmful for people living with post-traumatic stress disorder, dementia, or other mental health conditions. She noted that sudden noise may lead to panic attacks, flashbacks, or intense fear. Children with autism, who often have heightened sensitivity to sound and light, are also especially affected.

Pet owners reported similar difficulties during the celebrations. Linet Muthoni, founder of the Nairobi Sanctuary for Stray Animals, described struggling to calm her dogs as fireworks sounded nearby. She said the situation was distressing even after moving to a quieter village, where licensed displays continued. Her blind dog, Hannah, was among those most affected, reacting with confusion and fear.

Animal welfare organisations say such incidents are common each year. Emma Ngugi, a chief executive at an animal welfare group, said New Year’s Eve is one of their busiest periods. Many calls involve pets that have gone missing after fleeing in fear. She added that wild animals and birds are also disturbed, and in some cases older or weaker animals may die from stress-related complications, including heart failure.

Veterinary professionals warn that fireworks overwhelm animals through noise, flashing lights, and strong smells. Dr Isaiah Chacha of Mufasa Veterinary Clinic in Nairobi said some dogs, particularly larger breeds such as German Shepherds, may react strongly and injure themselves while trying to escape. He advised pet owners to prepare in advance by securing animals, ensuring they have water, and monitoring them closely, as anxiety can continue after the celebrations end.